Investigation of familial tendency of endometriosis / 中华妇产科杂志

Objective: To investigate the familial heritability of endometriosis and to compare the clinical characteristics of patients with or without a family history of endometriosis. Methods: From January 2020 to June 2022, 850 patients with endometriosis confirmed by laparotomy or laparoscopy in Peking University Third Hospital were included in this study. Clinical data were collected, family history was followed up, and the differences of clinical indicators between patients with and without family history of endometriosis were compared. Results: A total of 850 patients were enrolled, with an average age of (33.8±7.0) years old, 315 (37.1%, 315/850) patients in stage Ⅲ and 496 (58.4%, 496/850) patients in stage Ⅳ. There were 100 patients with family history of endometriosis, accounting for 11.8% (100/850). Most of the 113 relatives involved were mothers, daughters and sisters (76.1%, 86/113), 81.5% (22/27) of the second and third degree relatives were maternal relatives. The median ages of patients with and without family history of endometriosis were 30 and 33 years old respectively at the time of diagnosis. The unmarried rate of patients with family history was higher [42.0% (42/100) vs 26.3% (197/750)]. The percentage of dysmenorrhea patients with family history was higher [89.0% (89/100) vs 55.5% (416/750)]. The medians of dysmenorrhea score in patients with and without family history were 6 and 2, and the median durations of dysmenorrhea were 10 and 1 years. There were significant differences in age, marital status, percentage of dysmenorrhea, dysmenorrhea score and duration (all P<0.001). The median levels of serum cancer antigen (CA) 125 in patients with family history and patients without family history at the time of diagnosis were 57.5 and 46.9 kU/L respectively, with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). However, there were no significant differences between the two groups in nationality, bady mass index, menarche age, menstrual cycle, menstrual period, menstrual volume, serum CA19-9 level, cyst location and size, stage, history of adverse pregnancy and childbirth, infertility, adenomyosis and deep infiltrating endometriosis (all P>0.05). By comparing the specific conditions of dysmenorrhea patients with and without family history of endometriosis, there were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of the age of onset of dysmenorrhea, duration of dysmenorrhea, primary and secondary dysmenorrhea, and progressive aggravation of dysmenorrhea (all P>0.05). The difference in the degree of dysmenorrhea in dysmenorrhea patients with family history of endometriosis was significant (P<0.001). Conclusions: The incidence of endometriosis has a familial tendency, and most of the involved relatives are the first degree relatives. Compared with patients without family history of endometriosis, endometriosis patients with family history are diagnosed at an earlier age, with higher percentage of dysmenorrhea, had more severe dysmenorrhea and higher serum CA125 level.

Effect of Modified Simotang on Adult Functional Constipation and Intestinal Neurotransmitter / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To observe the efficacy of modified Simotang in treatment of adult functional constipation (Qi-stagnancy constipation), and investigate its effects on serum levels of intestinal neurotransmitter nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), nitric oxide (NO), and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD), malonaldehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH) levels. Method:One hundred and ten patients with functional constipation were selected and randomly divided into control group (55 cases) and treatment group (55 cases) by referring to random number table. The patients in control group were given with routine therapy, Domperidone tablet (1 tablet/time, tid), and Phenolphthalein tablets (100 mg/time, bid). The patients in treatment group were treated with modified Simotang, 1 dose/day. Both groups were treated for 4 weeks. Then the scores of main clinical symptoms of functional constipation, scores of Qi-stagnancy constipation and clinical efficacy were compared between two groups. Constipation recurrence rate was compared between two groups after stopping medicine. Serum levels of intestinal neurotransmitters nNOS, NO and VIP as well as SOD, MDA, GSH levels were detected in both groups. Result:After treatment, scores for main clinical symptoms (difficult defecation, abdominal distension, defecation time, number of defecation times) and Bristol scores in treatment group were obviously lower than those in control group (PP PPPPConclusion:Based on routine therapy, modified Simotang in treatment of adult functional constipation (Qi-stagnancy constipation) can improve clinical symptoms and syndrome symptoms, increase the clinical efficacy, decrease recurrence rate, and regulate levels of intestinal neurotransmitters nNOS,NO and VIP as well as SOD, MDA, GSH levels.

Effects of curcumin nanoparticles on hyperlipid-induced cardiomyocyte injury / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the protective effect of curcumin nanoparticles ( Cur-NPs) against high-fat-in-duced cardiomyocyte injury. Methods H9c2 cardio-myocytes were stimulated with palmitic acid ( PA) to establish a rat model of lipotoxicity injury. The Cur-NPs were pretreated. MTT assay was used to detect cell proliferation. The reactive oxygen species ( ROS) kit was used to detect intracellular reactive oxygen spe-cies and the cells were detected with the TUNEL kit. Apoptosis was detected by Western blot, and the ex-pression levesl of endoplasmic reticulum stress and ap-optotic signaling pathway related proteins were deter-mined. Results High fat might cause the decrease of cell proliferation rate. The level of ROS obviously in-creased, and the pathological changes of cell morphol-ogy were evident. Apoptosis was obviously aggravated. The expression of GRP78, CHOP and caspase-3 appar-ently increased, and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio elevated, which could all be reversed by Cur-NPs. Conclusions Cur-NPs significantly reduces the production of ROS induced by hyperlipidemia and reduces the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis-related proteins in cardiomyocytes, thereby inhibiting the dam-age of H9c2 cardiomyocytes induced by high fat.

Curcumin ameliorates myocardial fibrosis via TGF-β/Smads signaling pathway in diabetic rats / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the role of TGF-β/Smads signaling pathway in the improvement of myo-cardial fibrosis in diabetes mellitus by curcumin. Methods A model of type 2 diabetes mellitus was in-duced by intraperitoneal injection of small dose of streptozotocin (STZ) 35 mg·kg-1with a high glucose and high fat diet, and then intervened by drinking of 300 mg·kg·d-1curcumin. The expression of myo-cardial collagen in rats was detected by Sirius red stai-ning. The expressions of Collange I and Collagen III in myocardium of rats were detected by immunofluores-cence. Cardiac fibroblasts(CFs) in neonatal rats were stimulated by different concentrations of glucose(5.5, 20,25, 30, 35, 50 mmol·L-1) for 24 h to deter-mine the optimum concentration of high glucose model, and rat CFs were stimulated for 24 h by 30 mmol·L-1 high glucose plus different concentrations of curcumin (10,25,50,100,200 μmol·L-1) to determine the optimal concentration of curcumin. The expressions of type Ⅰ and Ⅲ collagen,TGF-β1,p-Smad2,Smad2, p-Smad3,Smad3 and TβR-Ⅲin CFs were detected by Western blot. Results Compared with the control rats,the collagen deposition in the myocardium of the diabetic rats was more obvious and the expression of Collagen Ⅰ and Collagen Ⅲ significantly increased. After treatment of curcumin,the collagen deposition in the myocardium and the expression of Collagen I and CollagenⅢof diabetic rats remarkably decreased. The CFs under the condition of 30 mmol·L-1high glucose and 24 h had the highest survival rate (P <0.05);10μmol·L-1curcumin could obviously inhibit the proliferation of myocardial fibroblasts induced by high glucose (P<0.05). After induced by 30 mmol·L-1 high glucose for 24 h, the expression of Collagen Ⅰand Collagen Ⅲ, TGF-β1, p-Smad2, Smad2, p-Smad3,Smad3 and TβR-Ⅲ proteins in CFs markedly increased(P <0.05), and the expression levels of these proteins were obviously reduced when treated with 25 μmol·L-1curcumin. Conclusion Curcumin could ameliorate myocardial fibrosis in diabetic rats through TGF-β/Smads signaling pathway, exerting the protective effect on myocardium in diabetic rats.

Research progress of mitochondria in diabetic cardiomyopathy / 中国药理学通报

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is one of the major cardiovascular complications of diabetes mellitus. Currently, there is a lack of effective treatment for DCM,and its pathophys-iology is quite complex. Mitochondria are the main source of car-diomyocyte energy and play an important role in regulating ener-gy metabolism. Mitochondria are swollen and fragmented in dia-betic patients, leading to impaired mitochondrial function, sug-gesting that mitochondrial damage and dysfunction may play an important role in the pathogenesis of DCM. In this paper, the relationship between mitochondrial damage and the pathogenesis of DCM was reviewed from the aspects of abnormal mitochondrial energy metabolism,mitochondrial oxidative stress enhancement, mitochondrial kinetics,mitochondrial heart lecithin change,and mitochondrial calcium disorder.

The synergistic effect of FGF-21 and insulin on regulating glucose metabolism and its mechanism / 药学学报

Previous studies proposed that the synergistic effect of fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF-21) and insulin may be due to the improvement of insulin sensitivity by FGF-21. However, there is no experimental evidence to support this. This study was designed to elucidate the mechanism of synergistic effect of FGF-21 and insulin in the regulation of glucose metabolism. The synergistic effect of FGF-21 and insulin on regulating glucose metabolism was demonstrated by investigating the glucose absorption rate by insulin resistance HepG2 cell model and the blood glucose chances in type 2 diabetic db/db mice after treatments with different concentrations of FGF-21 or/and insulin; The synergistic metabolism was revealed through detecting GLUT1 and GLUT4 transcription levels in the liver by real-time PCR method. The experimental results showed that FGF-21 and insulin have a synergistic effect on the regulation of glucose metabolism. The results of real-time PCR showed that the effective dose of FGF-21 could up-regulate the transcription level of GLUT1 in a dose-dependent manner, but had no effect on the transcription level of GLUT4. Insulin (4 u) alone could up-regulate the transcription level of GLUT4, yet had no effect on that of GLUT1. Ineffective dose 0.1 mg kg(-1) FGF-21 alone could not change the transcription level of GLUT1 or GLUT4. However, when the ineffective dose 0.1 mg x kg(-1) FGF-21 was used in combination with insulin (4 u) significantly increased the transcription levels of both GLUT1 and GLUT4, the transcription level of GLUT1 was similar to that treated with 5 time concentration of FGF-21 alone; the transcription level of GLUT4 is higher than that treated with insulin (4 u) alone. In summary, in the presence of FGF-21, insulin increases the sensitivity of FGF-21 through enhancing GLUT1 transcription. Vice versa, FGF-21 increases the sensitivity of insulin by stimulating GLUT4 transcription in the presence of insulin. FGF-21 and insulin exert a synergistic effect on glucose metabolism through mutual sensitization.

Therapeutic efficacy of three bispecific antibodies on rheumatoid arthritis mice models / 药学学报

In order to obtain the lead compound for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), in this study, therapeutic efficacy of three bispecific antibodies (BsAB-1, BsAB-2 and BsAB-3) against both hIL-1beta and hIL-17 were compared on CIA model mice. First, by ELISA method we compared the binding capacity of the three bispecific antibodies to the two antigens. The results showed that all three antibodies could simultaneously bind both antigens, among these antibodies, BsAB-1 was superior over BsAB-2 and BsAB-3. CIA model was established with chicken type II collagen (CII) and developed RA-like symptoms such as ankle swelling, skin tight, hind foot skin hyperemia. The CIA mice were treated with three antibodies once every two days for total of 29 days. Compared with the CIA model mice, the RA-like symptoms of the antibody treated-mice significantly relieved, while the BsAB-1 treated-mice were almost recovered. CII antibody level in the serum and cytokines (IL-2, IL-1beta, IL-17A and TNF-alpha) expression in the spleen were examined. Compared with the CIA model mice, all three antibodies could significantly reduce CII antibody and cytokine expression levels. BsAB-1 antibody was more potent than BsAB-2 and BsAB-3. In summary, BsAB-1 is superior over BsAB-2 and BsAB-3 in amelioration of RA symptoms and regulation of CII antibody production and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, therefore, BsAB-1 can be chosen as a lead compound for further development of drug candidate for treatment of RA.

A 2-year follow-up study on cognitive function of patients with Parkinson's disease / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To investigate the change and its related risk factors of cognitive function of patients with Parkinson's disease(PD).Methods The cognitive function of 70 idiopathic PD patients were assessed with Montreal cognitive assessment scale (MoCA),and other PD related neuropsychological test batteries were used to evaluate their movement symptoms and non-movement symptoms such as depression and anxiety.Patients' personal information were collected at the same time.They were reassessed after 2 years.Results As the disease progressed,the MoCA score of the PD patients significantly reduced from (24.79±4.07) points to (21.69±5.22) points (P＜0.01).Seven subdomains of MoCA were attenuated,and 5 of them reached statistical significance.Motor subtype was a main predictor of the outcome of the cognitive impairment in PD.Scores of MoCA total score,naming,language,abstract and directional domains reduced more notably in patients with postural instability gait difficulty(PIGD) than those in the tremor dominant(TD) patients.Conclusion Cognitive function of PD patients decreases obviously after 2 years.The patients' cognitive impairment should be identified and intervened as soon as possible,especially the patients with PIGD.

Effect of Chinese herbal medicine in the natural cycle of frozen embryo transfer / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of Chinese herbal medicine on the clinical pregnancy rate and implantation rate of frozen embryo transfer (FET) in a natural cycle.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Women with frozen embryos planned to receive FET and had spontaneous ovulation in a natural cycle were chosen for observation. They were assigned to the treated group and the control group, both were treated with conventional medicine in the very month of FET, but to the treated group, Chinese herbal medicine was given additionally. The clinical pregnant rate, implantation rate, endometrial thickness during transferring, as well as the levels of estrogen and progesterone 2 weeks after transfer in the two groups were observed and compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The clinical pregnancy rate and implantation rate in the treated group were significant higher than those in the control group, 47.37% (36/76 cases) vs 32.14% (54/168 cases) and 22.38% (47/210 embryos) vs 16.09% (74/460 embryos), respectively (all P <0.05). Difference between the two groups in endometrial thickness, levels of estrogen and progesterone showed no statistical significance (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Chinese herbal medicine could enhance the clinical pregnancy rate and implantation rate in the natural cycle of FET to certain extent.</p>

Abdominal imaging in AIDS patients / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To evaluate abdominal imaging in AIDS.Methods The imaging examinations(including US,CT and MR)of 6 patients with AIDS associated abdominal foci were analysed retrospectively.All the cases were performed US,and CT scan,of which 4 performed enhanced CT scan and 1 with MR.Results Abdominal tuberculosis were found in 4 patients,including abdominal lymph nodes tuberculosis(3 cases)and pancreatic tuberculosis(1 case).The imaging of lymph nodes tuberculosis typically showed enlarged peripheral rim enhancement with central low-attenuation on contrast-enhanced CT. Pancreatic tuberculosis demonstrated low-attenuation area in pancreatic head and slightly peripheral enhancement.Disseminated Kaposi's sarcoma was seen in 1 case:CT and MRI scan demonstrated tumour infiltrated along hepatic portal vein and bronchovascular bundles.Pelvic tumor was observed in 1 case:CT scan showed large mass with thick and irregular wall and central low attenuation liquefacient necrotic area in the pelvic cavity.Conclusion The imaging findings of AIDS with abdominal foci is extraordinarily helpful to the diagnosis of such disease.Tissue biopsy is needed to confirm the diagnosis.

Imaging findings of soft tissue infections in AIDS(report of 3 cases) / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To evaluate X-ray,CT and MRI findings of soft tissue infections in AIDS. Methods Three cases of soft tissue infections with AIDS were retrospectively analyzed by comparing the imaging findings with pathological results.All patients were performed MRI,X-ray was in 1 case,CT was in 1 case.Results Cellulitis was in 1 case:MRI showed extended thickening of subcutaneous tissues, ill-defined hypointense areas on T_1WI and hyperintensity on T_2WI,and reticular pattern on GRE. Necrotizing fasciitis was in 1 case:MRI showed obvious thickening of subcutaneous tissues and deep fasciae, abnormally increased signal intensity on T_1 and T_2WI.Fluid collections were within muscles and muscles interval on fat-suppressed T2 WI.Tuberculosis was in 1 case:CT demonstrated multiple low density areas in the subcutaneous tissues and clear peripheral rim enhancement.MRI appeared hypointense on T_1WI and hyperintensity on T_2WI,and peripheral rim enhancement following gadolinium injection.Conclusion Infections of soft tissue are common complication in patients with AIDS,radiology is important in early diagnosis and treatment planning in this population.

Effect of Washing Respiratory Way with Ambroxol Hydrochloride on Respiratory Mechanics in Premature Infant with Ventilation / 实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To observe the effect of using Ambroxol hydrochloride(AM)to wash respiratory way to treat neonatal respiratory distress syndrome(NRDS) in ventilator,to explore dynamic changes of respiratory mechanics after using AM to wash respiratory way.Methods Thirty premature infants were chosen according with diagnosis criterion,which were randomly divided into 2 groups: NS group(n=15);AM group(n=15).Both NS and AM groups were treated with Babylog 8 000 ventilator,and routine treating and nursing,NS group was given for washing respiratory way in NS group,whereas AM was done in AM group.Pulmonary compliance(C),time constant(Tc),respiratory resis-tance(R),C20/C and minute volume(MV)were observed in both groups.Blood gas was routinely checked after 1 h ventilation treatment,and X ray was shot after 24 h.Results Pulmonary C significantly increased in weaning than that of beginning ventilation(P0.05),MV significantly increased in group AM than NS,respectively[(0.56?0.12) L/min and(0.35?0.11) L/min(P0.05).But ventilator-treating-time was markedly shorter in group AM than NS,respectively(60.52?6.23) h and(98.21?5.82) h(P